Zalma on Insurance
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Insurance Claims professional presents articles and videos on insurance, insurance Claims and insurance law for insurance Claims adjusters, insurance professionals and insurance lawyers who wish to improve their skills and knowledge. Presented by an internationally recognized expert and author.
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May 15, 2025
CGL Is Not a Medical Malpractice Policy

Professional Health Care Services Exclusion Effective

Post 5073

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This opinion is the recommendation of a Magistrate Judge to the District Court Judge and involves Travelers Casualty Insurance Company and its duty to defend the New Mexico Bone and Joint Institute (NMBJI) and its physicians in a medical negligence lawsuit brought by Tervon Dorsey.

In Travelers Casualty Insurance Company Of America v. New Mexico Bone And Joint Institute, P.C.; American Foundation Of Lower Extremity Surgery And Research, Inc., a New Mexico Corporation; Riley Rampton, DPM; Loren K. Spencer, DPM; Tervon Dorsey, individually; Kimberly Dorsey, individually; and Kate Ferlic as Guardian Ad Litem for K.D. and J.D., minors, No. 2:24-cv-0027 MV/DLM, United States District Court, D. New Mexico (May 8, 2025) the Magistrate Judge Recommended:

Insurance Coverage Dispute:

Travelers issued a Commercial General Liability (CGL) Policy to NMBJI, which includes a Professional Health Care Services exclusion that limits coverage for claims related to medical treatment.

Allegations Against NMBJI:

Dorsey alleges he suffered injuries due to medical negligence by NMBJI providers, leading to a lawsuit that includes multiple claims such as medical negligence and intentional infliction of emotional distress.
Exclusionary Clauses:

Travelers argues that the claims made by Dorsey fall under exclusions in the CGL Policy, thus asserting there is no duty to defend NMBJI.

Court’s Legal Standard:

New Mexico law states that an insurer must defend its insured if the allegations in the complaint could potentially be covered by the policy.

Ruling on Claims:

The court found that the claims related to medical negligence and other allegations arise from professional health care services, which are excluded from coverage under the policy.

No Duty to Indemnify:

Since Travelers had no duty to defend the claims, it also had no obligation to indemnify NMBJI for any potential damages arising from the state lawsuit.

LEGAL STANDARD

New Mexico substantive law governs the issue of whether Travelers has a duty to defend the CGL Policy insureds. To determine whether an insurance company must defend an insured client against a lawsuit, courts compare the factual allegations in the complaint with the insurance policy.

If the claimant’s complaint alleges facts potentially within the coverage of the policy, then the insurer has an obligation to defend its insured. This is true even though the complaint fails to state facts with sufficient clarity so that it may be determined from its face whether or not the action is within the coverage of the policy, provided the alleged facts tend to show an occurrence within the coverage.

Exclusionary clauses in insurance contracts must be narrowly construed.

Travelers Has No Duty To Indemnify.

If the allegations of the complaint clearly fall outside the provisions of the policy, neither defense nor indemnity is required. Because the Magistrate recommend finding that Travelers does not owe “the broader duty to defend in the underlying” state lawsuit, he further recommended finding that Travelers had no duty to indemnify the CGL Policy Insureds for the state claims either.

ZALMA OPINION

I am often confused by people and their lawyers try to turn an exclusion into an insuring agreement. Their arguments are creative and often brilliant, as were the arguments in this case. However, the Magistrate Judge simply read the clear and unambiguous exclusion and applied it to the facts and found that the CGL simply provided no coverage for defense or indemnity to the podiatrists for their medical malpractice and the bodily injuries caused to the plaintiffs because of the Professional Health Care Services exclusion in the Travelers policy.

(c) 2025 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.

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August 27, 2026
Offer Made and Accepted Creates Enforceable Contract

Policy Limits Demand Accepted Settles Claim

Post 5434

Posted on August 26, 2026 by Barry Zalma

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/g-ZtsSgK and at https://lnkd.in/ghMBdYWR
A Contingent Offer Accepted Ends the Dispute

In Farmers Insurance Exchange, a California Reciprocal Insurance Exchange,  The Superior Court For The County Of San Bernardino, Kathleen Ann Wood, E087128, California Court of Appeals, (July 9, 2026) Farmers Insurance Exchange insured Doyle Archer under an automobile policy with bodily injury limits of $15,000 per person and $30,000 per accident.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

Archer rear-ended Kathleen Ann Wood at a red light, causing Wood to assert a bodily injury claim against him. Wood’s counsel sent Farmers a pre-litigation settlement demand offering to resolve Wood’s claim for the available policy limits, stating that if the $100,000 demand exceeded the policy, the offer was for the policy limits.

Farmers timely responded in writing, agreed to pay Wood the $15,000 per-person policy limit, and provided the requested ...

00:08:28
August 26, 2026
Offer Made and Accepted Creates Enforceable Contract

Policy Limits Demand Accepted Settles Claim

Post 5434

Posted on August 26, 2026 by Barry Zalma

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/g-ZtsSgK and at https://lnkd.in/ghMBdYWR
A Contingent Offer Accepted Ends the Dispute

In Farmers Insurance Exchange, a California Reciprocal Insurance Exchange,  The Superior Court For The County Of San Bernardino, Kathleen Ann Wood, E087128, California Court of Appeals, (July 9, 2026) Farmers Insurance Exchange insured Doyle Archer under an automobile policy with bodily injury limits of $15,000 per person and $30,000 per accident.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

Archer rear-ended Kathleen Ann Wood at a red light, causing Wood to assert a bodily injury claim against him. Wood’s counsel sent Farmers a pre-litigation settlement demand offering to resolve Wood’s claim for the available policy limits, stating that if the $100,000 demand exceeded the policy, the offer was for the policy limits.

Farmers timely responded in writing, agreed to pay Wood the $15,000 per-person policy limit, and provided the requested ...

00:08:28
July 22, 2026
The Real Cost of Fraud

The Largest Residential Burglary of All Time
Post 5407

Fraud & the Fear of Bad Faith Suits
Posted on July 22, 2026 by Barry Zalma

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/gWQQEySW and at https://lnkd.in/gyhdK6wv

This is a Fictionalized True Crime Story of Insurance Fraud explaining why Insurance Fraud is a “Heads I Win, Tails You Lose” situation for Insurers. The story is one of a collection designed to help to Understand How Insurance Fraud in America is Costing Everyone who Buys Insurance Thousands of Dollars Every year and Why Insurance Fraud is Safer and More Profitable for the Perpetrators than any Other Crime.

This is a Fictionalized True Crime Story of Insurance Fraud explaining why Insurance Fraud is a “Heads I Win, Tails You Lose” situation for Insurers. The story is one of a collection designed to help to Understand How Insurance Fraud in America is Costing Everyone who Buys Insurance Thousands of Dollars Every year and Why Insurance Fraud is Safer and More Profitable for the Perpetrators than any Other Crime.

After ...

00:12:33
51 minutes ago
Sentence Set by Extent of Crime

Crime Requires 121-151 Months of Imprisonment

Post 5486

Posted on September 9, 2026 by Barry Zalma

Mr. Baiyewu Is Liable For The Loss Resulting From Acts Directly Attributable To Him And For The Loss Resulting From The Reasonably Foreseeable Acts Of Others Taken In Furtherance of the Criminal Activity

In United States Of America v. Oluwasegun Baiyewu, CRIMINAL No. 21-395 (RAM), United States District Court, D. Puerto Rico (August 26, 2026) the court dealt with a case after on October 20, 2021, a grand jury in the District of Puerto Rico returned a single-count Indictment charging Mr. Baiyewu with conspiracy to commit money laundering, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h). About a year and a half later, on March 31, 2023, a grand jury returned a single-count Superseding Indictment charging Mr. Baiyewu and four co-defendants with conspiracy to commit money laundering, in violation of 18 U.S.C.

CONVICTION

Baiyewu was convicted by a jury of conspiracy to commit money laundering under 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h). The charged conspiracy, ...

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53 minutes ago
A Loss Certain to Occur is Not Fortuitous or Insurable

Insurance Requires Fortuity to be an Insured Risk
Post 5485

Posted on September 8, 2026 by Barry Zalma

In Industrial Park Center, LLC, doing business as Mainspring Capital Group v. Great Northern Insurance Company, a foreign insurer, No. CV-25-0330-CQ, Supreme Court of Arizona (September 1, 2026).

The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit certified the following question to this Court:

"Is damage to property a “fortuitous” loss when, based on the insured’s knowledge at the time the insurance policy issued, it was reasonably foreseeable that such damage was almost certain to occur if certain preventative measures were not taken?"

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

Mainspring owned commercial property leased to Star Fisheries for decades. Star Fisheries’ use of water and salt allegedly caused structural damage over time. In 2010, Mainspring learned of damage and made some repairs but did not implement all recommended preventive measures. In 2021–2022, additional similar structural damage was discovered, and ...

post photo preview
September 08, 2026
A Loss Certain to Occur is Not Fortuitous or Insurable

Insurance Requires Fortuity to be an Insured Risk
Post 5485

Posted on September 8, 2026 by Barry Zalma

In Industrial Park Center, LLC, doing business as Mainspring Capital Group v. Great Northern Insurance Company, a foreign insurer, No. CV-25-0330-CQ, Supreme Court of Arizona (September 1, 2026).

The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit certified the following question to this Court:

"Is damage to property a “fortuitous” loss when, based on the insured’s knowledge at the time the insurance policy issued, it was reasonably foreseeable that such damage was almost certain to occur if certain preventative measures were not taken?"

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

Mainspring owned commercial property leased to Star Fisheries for decades. Star Fisheries’ use of water and salt allegedly caused structural damage over time. In 2010, Mainspring learned of damage and made some repairs but did not implement all recommended preventive measures. In 2021–2022, additional similar structural damage was discovered, and ...

post photo preview
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