Zalma on Insurance
Education • Business
Insurance Claims professional presents articles and videos on insurance, insurance Claims and insurance law for insurance Claims adjusters, insurance professionals and insurance lawyers who wish to improve their skills and knowledge. Presented by an internationally recognized expert and author.
Interested? Want to learn more about the community?
April 12, 2024
Fairly Debatable Action by Insurer

Reasonable & Arguable Reason to Deny Claim not Bad Faith

Read the full article at https://lnkd.in/gP9dTb2F, see the full video at https://lnkd.in/g_7BfJJC and at https://lnkd.in/geHsBqV7 and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 4750 posts.

Post 4778

William A. Lemons, Jr., M.D., a doctor who specialized in obstetrics and gynecology (“OB/GYN”), sued Principal Life Insurance Company (“Principal”) for breach of contract and bad faith for its refusal to pay him disability benefits under a “regular occupation rider” provision contained in his insurance policy with the company. A jury returned a verdict in favor of Lemons on the breach of contract claim and in favor of Principal on the bad-faith claim.

William A. Lemons, Jr. MD v. Principal Life Insurance Company, No. 22-12064, United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit (April 5, 2024)

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

Lemons decided to open his own OB/GYN practice, which he called Covenant Gynecology & Wellness, P.C. (“Covenant”). In October 2015, during Covenant’s business development phase, Lemons worked for Blue Cross Blue Shield (“BCBS”) as an insurance claims consultant. A few months later, in February 2016, he began working at the Birmingham Metro Treatment Center, an opioid addiction treatment and recovery facility. A month later, he started working at the Fritz Clinic, another opioid treatment clinic.

In April 2016, Lemons opened Covenant and started seeing patients. He did not deliver babies or otherwise engage in obstetrics, and he did not submit any insurance claims for any obstetrics-related work. Eventually, Lemons devoted most of his time and resources to Covenant, and he reduced the number of hours at his other jobs to concentrate more on his OB/GYN practice. Lemons’ solo medical practice was unsuccessful. On July 15, 2016, he closed Covenant because he was not seeing enough patients. Lemons’s deteriorating health also played a significant role in his decision to close Covenant. Beginning in 2013, Lemons started developing hand tremors and was officially diagnosed with a neurological condition in March 2016.

In November 2016, Lemons completed a disability claim form and reported that, as of July 15, 2016, he was totally disabled and could no longer work as an OB/GYN. Lemons was interviewed and stated that he was working at BCBS approximately 15 hours per week, at Birmingham Metro approximately 12-18 hours per week, and at the Fritz Clinic 4 hours per week. He maintained that, at the time of his disability, his regular occupation was as an OB/GYN and, therefore, Principal should approve his claim under the “regular occupation rider.” The claims person responded that because Lemons was working other non-OB/GYN jobs when he became disabled, Principal could not just look at his occupation as an OB/GYN and would need to consider his other jobs in evaluating his claim.

Principal eventually approved Lemons’ claim under a “loss of earnings” provision in the policy based on the reduction to Lemons’s income as a result of his disability. A few weeks later, on February 9, 2017, Principal denied Lemons’s claim for benefits under the “regular occupation rider” provision. Principal explained that, because Lemons regularly worked at BCBS, Birmingham Metro, and the Fritz Clinic prior to the onset of his disability, he was not “totally disabled from all occupations that [he was] engaged in prior to [d]isability” as the regular occupation rider required.

ANALYSIS

The Supreme Court of Alabama has made clear that mental anguish damages are unavailable for breach of contract claims related to long-term disability insurance policies. Therefore, the Eleventh Circuit affirmed the district court’s ruling as to Lemons’s recoverable damages.

The “Benefit Update Rider” Claim

Lemons acknowledges that he did not specifically plead a separate claim related to the “benefit update rider” provision. It is undisputed that Principal sent letters to Lemons regarding the “benefit update rider” provision in 2004, 2007, and 2010. The 2004 letter explained that his benefits had increased to $10,000 per month, and the subsequent letters informed him that his benefits had been capped at that amount.

The Bad-Faith Claim

The Eleventh Circuit concluded that the district court did not err in denying Lemons’ motions. At trial, Lemons testified that he spent most of his time working at Covenant prior to the onset of his disability. He admitted that he did not derive any income from his practice at Covenant and did not submit any insurance claims for OB/GYN services to patients. The jury also could have found that Principal had an arguable reason for not issuing Lemons benefits pursuant to the “regular occupation rider” policy provision because the evidence showed that Principal gathered-as part of its decisional process-information suggesting that Lemons’s regular occupation was not as an OB/GYN.

The verdict in this case was not against the clear weight of evidence given the genuine issue of fact as to whether a breach of contract occurred. The Eleventh Circuit affirmed the district court’s judgment.

ZALMA OPINION

Lawyers representing people whose claim was rejected in whole or in part will always include a cause of action for the tort of bad faith and seek exemplary as well as tort damages. However, if, as in this case the insurer honors the claim that was available to the insured and refused to provide benefits related to his specialty of OB/GYN because he tried but never acted as an OB/GYN and admitted he made no money from the failed practice. They paid what they owed and there was neither a genuine dispute about the coverage nor were the actions of the insurer fairly debatable.

(c) 2024 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.

Please tell your friends and colleagues about this blog and the videos and let them subscribe to the blog and the videos.

Go to X @bzalma; Go to Newsbreak.com https://www.newsbreak.com/@c/1653419?s=01; Go to Barry Zalma videos at Rumble.com at https://rumble.com/c/c-262921; Go to Barry Zalma on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCysiZklEtxZsSF9DfC0Expg.

Go to the Insurance Claims Library – https://lnkd.in/gwEYk. 

Subscribe to my substack at https://lnkd.in/gcZKhG6g

 Go to X @bzalma; Go to Newsbreak.com https://lnkd.in/g8azKc34; Go to Barry Zalma videos at Rumble.com at https://lnkd.in/gV9QJYH; Go to Barry Zalma on YouTube- https://lnkd.in/g2hGv88. Go to the Insurance Claims Library – https://lnkd.in/gwEYk. 

00:08:57
Interested? Want to learn more about the community?
What else you may like…
Videos
Posts
9 hours ago
No Coverage for Intentional Acts

When Harm is Inherent in the Nature of the Act it is Intentional

Post 5237

See the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.

No Coverage for Intentional Acts

Hitting a Person in the Face is an Intentional Act

In Unitrin Auto and Home Insurance Company v. Brian C. Sullivan, et al., George A. Ciminello, No. 2022-01607, Index No. 21632/14, Supreme Court of New York, Second Department (November 19, 2025) George A. Ciminello was injured when struck in the face by a cup filled with liquid, thrown from a moving vehicle operated by Brian C. Sullivan, with Robert Harford as the passenger who threw the cup. The vehicle approached Ciminello at about 30 mph, from 2 to 10 feet away, and Harford extended his arm to make contact. The cup splintered upon impact.

Sullivan and Harford later conceded liability on the intentional tort claim before a damages trial.

Insurance Policy:

Unitrin Auto and Home...

00:06:53
placeholder
December 04, 2025
Unmitigated Gall to Abuse an Elderly Bishop and His Church

Obtaining Title to Church by Fraud Defeated

Post 5238

Read the full article at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/unmitigated-gall-abuse-elderly-bishop-his-church-zalma-esq-cfe-xcasc, see the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.

It is Villainous to Steal Church Property from Sick and Elderly Bishop

In Testimonial Cathedral Local Church of God in Christ v. EquityKey Real Estate Option, LLC et al. (Cal. Ct. App., 2d Dist., Div. 8, No. B331522 (Nov. 18, 2025) EquityKey (through broker Steven Sharpe and Frank Wheaton, a trusted advisor/friend of elderly Bishop Jimmy Hackworth) presented a deal supposedly for a $4 million life-insurance policy on Hackworth’s life with EquityKey as beneficiary. In exchange, EquityKey paid Hackworth $400,000 upfront.
Factual Background

To qualify Hackworth for the large policy, church real property on South Western Ave., Los Angeles was temporarily ...

00:10:28
placeholder
December 03, 2025
Soldier Sentenced for Nigerian Romance Fraud

Guilty of Money Laundering Scheme
Post 5238

See the video at https://lnkd.in/gqh7V46x and at https://lnkd.in/gmE-zrDC and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.

Prison Sentence for Fraud Must be Limited to the Fraud in Which the Defendant Participated

In United States v. Stephen O. Anagor, No. 2:24-CR-00019-DCLC-CRW (E.D. Tenn., Nov. 26, 2025) by Judge Clifton L. Corker the government sought to increase the defendant’s sentence because his co-conspirators added a fraudulent FBI scam that resulted in the victim’s suicide. Anagor sought a lower sentence because he was only involved in part of the fraud.

Charges & Plea

Defendant, a U.S. Army soldier pled guilty on June 11, 2025 to Conspiracy to Commit Mail and Wire Fraud, Aiding and Abetting Aggravated Stalking Resulting in Death and Aiding and Abetting Aggravated Identity Theft that was part of a larger 38-count superseding indictment against Anagor and co-defendants Chinagorom Onwumere and Salma Abdalkareem for an international Nigerian-based ...

00:10:51
October 31, 2025
The Zalma Philosophy of Claims Handling – Part 9

The Professional Claims Handler
Post 5219

Posted on October 31, 2025 by Barry Zalma

An Insurance claims professionals should be a person who:

Can read and understand the insurance policies issued by the insurer.
Understands the promises made by the policy.
Understand their obligation, as an insurer’s claims staff, to fulfill the promises made.
Are competent investigators.
Have empathy and recognize the difference between empathy and sympathy.
Understand medicine relating to traumatic injuries and are sufficiently versed in tort law to deal with lawyers as equals.
Understand how to repair damage to real and personal property and the value of the repairs or the property.
Understand how to negotiate a fair and reasonable settlement with the insured that is fair and reasonable to both the insured and the insurer.

How to Create Claims Professionals

To avoid fraudulent claims, claims of breach of contract, bad faith, punitive damages, unresolved losses, and to make a profit, insurers ...

post photo preview
October 20, 2025
The Zalma Philosophy of Claims Handling – Part I

The History Behind the Creation of a Claims Handling Expert

The Insurance Industry Needs to Implement Excellence in Claims Handling or Fail
Post 5210

This is a change from my normal blog postings. It is my attempt. in more than one post, to explain the need for professional claims representatives who comply with the basic custom and practice of the insurance industry. This statement of my philosophy on claims handling starts with my history as a claims adjuster, insurance defense and coverage lawyer and insurance claims handling expert.
My Training to be an Insurance Claims Adjuster

When I was discharged from the US Army in 1967 I was hired as an insurance adjuster trainee by a professional and well respected insurance company. The insurer took a chance on me because I had been an Army Intelligence Investigator for my three years in the military and could use that training and experience to be a basis to become a professional insurance adjuster.

I was initially sat at a desk reading a text-book on insurance ...

post photo preview
October 20, 2025
The Zalma Philosophy of Claims Handling – Part I

The History Behind the Creation of a Claims Handling Expert

The Insurance Industry Needs to Implement Excellence in Claims Handling or Fail

Post 5210

This is a change from my normal blog postings. It is my attempt. in more than one post, to explain the need for professional claims representatives who comply with the basic custom and practice of the insurance industry. This statement of my philosophy on claims handling starts with my history as a claims adjuster, insurance defense and coverage lawyer and insurance claims handling expert.

My Training to be an Insurance Claims Adjuster

When I was discharged from the US Army in 1967 I was hired as an insurance adjuster trainee by a professional and well respected insurance company. The insurer took a chance on me because I had been an Army Intelligence Investigator for my three years in the military and could use that training and experience to be a basis to become a professional insurance adjuster.

I was initially sat at a desk reading a text-book on insurance ...

post photo preview
See More
Available on mobile and TV devices
google store google store app store app store
google store google store app tv store app tv store amazon store amazon store roku store roku store
Powered by Locals