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June 13, 2025
Restitution is not Punishment

Victims of Crime May not Profit From a Restitution Order

Post 5097

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In California criminal cases, restitution is mandatory in every case in which a victim has suffered economic loss as a result of the defendant’s conduct.

In The People v. Alex Dadourian, B329218, California Court of Appeals, Second District, Fourth Division (June 6, 2025) there was a crime but no evidence of economic loss incurred by the victims.

THE FRAUD

Alex Dadourian was convicted on multiple fraud-related counts, all stemming from sending false information to obtain residential mortgage loans.

Some of the fraudulently obtained loans had already been repaid in full to the lenders with interest and without loss.

When there is no showing of economic loss at all, a restitution award is an abuse of discretion.

BACKGROUND

The trial court sentenced Dadourian to five years and four months in state prison.

The trial court ordered Dadourian to pay $8,128,823 in victim restitution.

DISCUSSION

Legal Principles

Restitution is normally mandatory when a criminal victim suffers an economic loss. But when there is no economic loss there is no entitlement to restitution.

While the trial court’s discretion in calculating restitution is broad, it is not limitless.

ANALYSIS

The restitution award at issue here was based on the amount of the loans and trial court ordered restitution in the amount of $8,128,823, the full original face amount of the loans. The Court of Appeals found this was error.

That a loan was made is not enough to show, without more, that a lender suffered an economic loss on that loan.

Six of the loans had been paid off in full (either by sale or refinance) with no realized losses.

The trial court’s order did not “restore” an economic “status quo.” Providing the lenders with additional funds via restitution in the amount of the original loan amounts was a windfall, not restoring the status quo that existed before the loans were made in the first place. Therefore, the victim restitution order was reversed.

ZALMA OPINION

Restitution is available only to make the victim of a crime whole, not to allow he victim to profit from being a victim nor is it proper as additional punishment to the criminal. Dadourian was a bad man who was properly sentenced to state prison. Making him pay the full amount of loans that were obtained fraudulently but which caused no loss to the lenders was wrongfully adding a more than $8 million punishment in addition to prison. Even a fraud perpetrator is entitled to a fair and reasonable sentence.

(c) 2025 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.

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00:09:21
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1 hour ago
Crime Doesn’t Pay – Allstate to Have Judgment Against Fraudsters

Fraud Perpetrators Will Have Judgment Entered in Favor of Insurer They Defrauded
Post 5155

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Allstate Effectively Proactive Against Insurance Fraud

Plaintiffs Allstate Insurance Company and other Allstate companies (collectively, “Plaintiffs”) sued seeking redress for losses incurred due to an alleged insurance fraud scheme. Plaintiffs alleged that Defendants Toshner, Lacey Davies, Michael Trinh, Roadside Response, LLC, and Responsible Billing, LLC’s (collectively, “Defendants”) submitted false reimbursement claims for hazardous material cleanups that were never actually performed, were unnecessary, or did not involve an Allstate insured.

In Allstate Insurance Company, et al. v. Daniel Toshner, et al., No. 1:24-CV-27-RP, United States District Court, W.D. Texas, Austin Division (July 9, 2025) Allstate moved for default to be entered against the defendants.

...

00:06:02
1 hour ago
Plaintiff Must be an Insured to Sue Insurance Company

When Plaintiff Gives Up Court Must Grant Summary Judgment

Post 5154

It is Contumacious to Sue an Insurer if You are Not Insured

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/ggmMWkcN and at https://lnkd.in/gJXMDYxG, and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5100 posts.

Defendant American National filed a motion for summary judgment because Plaintiff is not a named or third-party beneficiary of the Policy. Defendant contends that because Plaintiff is not covered by the Policy, Plaintiff cannot prove that Defendant breached the Policy or demonstrated bad faith under La. R.S. 22:1973 and 22:1892. In support of this contention, Defendant argued that the Policy only covers the “Named Insured/Mortgagee” of the property, Magee Holdings, LLC, and that the Policy does not name Plaintiff as an insured or a third-party beneficiary.

In Hannah Guillotte v. American National Property And Casualty Company, Civil Action No. 23-00931-BAJ-RLB, United States District Court, M.D. Louisiana (July 16, 2025) Plaintiff, the ...

00:06:32
July 25, 2025
Plaintiff Must be an Insured to Sue Insurance Company

When Plaintiff Gives Up Court Must Grant Summary Judgment

Post 5154

It is Contumacious to Sue an Insurer if You are Not Insured

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/ggmMWkcN and at https://lnkd.in/gJXMDYxG, and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5100 posts.

Defendant American National filed a motion for summary judgment because Plaintiff is not a named or third-party beneficiary of the Policy. Defendant contends that because Plaintiff is not covered by the Policy, Plaintiff cannot prove that Defendant breached the Policy or demonstrated bad faith under La. R.S. 22:1973 and 22:1892. In support of this contention, Defendant argued that the Policy only covers the “Named Insured/Mortgagee” of the property, Magee Holdings, LLC, and that the Policy does not name Plaintiff as an insured or a third-party beneficiary.

In Hannah Guillotte v. American National Property And Casualty Company, Civil Action No. 23-00931-BAJ-RLB, United States District Court, M.D. Louisiana (July 16, 2025) Plaintiff, the ...

00:06:32
July 16, 2025
There is no Tort of Negligent Claims handling in Alaska

Rulings on Motions Reduced the Issues to be Presented at Trial

Read the full article at https://lnkd.in/gwJKZnCP and at https://zalma/blog plus more than 5100 posts.

CASE OVERVIEW

In Richard Bernier v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, No. 4:24-cv-00002-GMS, USDC, D. Alaska (May 28, 2025) Richard Bernier made claim under the underinsured motorist (UIM) coverage provided in his State Farm policy, was not satisfied with State Farm's offer and sued. Both parties tried to win by filing motions for summary judgment.

FACTS

Bernier was involved in an auto accident on November 18, 2020, and sought the maximum available UIM coverage under his policy, which was $50,000. State Farm initially offered him $31,342.36, which did not include prejudgment interest or attorney fees.

Prior to trial Bernier had three remaining claims against State Farm:

1. negligent and reckless claims handling;
2. violation of covenant of good faith and fair dealing; and
3. award of punitive damages.

Both Bernier and State Farm dispositive motions before ...

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May 15, 2025
Zalma's Insurance Fraud Letter - May 15, 2025

ZIFL Volume 29, Issue 10
The Source for the Insurance Fraud Professional

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/gK_P4-BK and at https://lnkd.in/g2Q7BHBu, and at https://zalma.com/blog and at https://lnkd.in/gjyMWHff.

Zalma’s Insurance Fraud Letter (ZIFL) continues its 29th year of publication dedicated to those involved in reducing the effect of insurance fraud. ZIFL is published 24 times a year by ClaimSchool and is written by Barry Zalma. It is provided FREE to anyone who visits the site at http://zalma.com/zalmas-insurance-fraud-letter-2/ You can read the full issue of the May 15, 2025 issue at http://zalma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/ZIFL-05-15-2025.pdf
This issue contains the following articles about insurance fraud:

Health Care Fraud Trial Results in Murder for Hire of Witness

To Avoid Conviction for Insurance Fraud Defendants Murder Witness

In United States of America v. Louis Age, Jr.; Stanton Guillory; Louis Age, III; Ronald Wilson, Jr., No. 22-30656, United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit (April 25, 2025) the Fifth Circuit dealt with the ...

May 15, 2025
CGL Is Not a Medical Malpractice Policy

Professional Health Care Services Exclusion Effective

Post 5073

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/g-f6Tjm5 and at https://lnkd.in/gx3agRzi, and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5050 posts.

This opinion is the recommendation of a Magistrate Judge to the District Court Judge and involves Travelers Casualty Insurance Company and its duty to defend the New Mexico Bone and Joint Institute (NMBJI) and its physicians in a medical negligence lawsuit brought by Tervon Dorsey.

In Travelers Casualty Insurance Company Of America v. New Mexico Bone And Joint Institute, P.C.; American Foundation Of Lower Extremity Surgery And Research, Inc., a New Mexico Corporation; Riley Rampton, DPM; Loren K. Spencer, DPM; Tervon Dorsey, individually; Kimberly Dorsey, individually; and Kate Ferlic as Guardian Ad Litem for K.D. and J.D., minors, No. 2:24-cv-0027 MV/DLM, United States District Court, D. New Mexico (May 8, 2025) the Magistrate Judge Recommended:

Insurance Coverage Dispute:

Travelers issued a Commercial General Liability ...

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