Zalma on Insurance
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Insurance Claims professional presents articles and videos on insurance, insurance Claims and insurance law for insurance Claims adjusters, insurance professionals and insurance lawyers who wish to improve their skills and knowledge. Presented by an internationally recognized expert and author.
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November 27, 2023
Insurance Does Not Cover a Sure Thing

Underwriting Against a Certain Loss and Claim is Appropriate
Barry Zalma
Nov 27, 2023

Read the full article at https://lnkd.in/gC_ym3gF and see the full video at https://lnkd.in/gCF37aWz and at https://lnkd.in/gEf-yAff and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 4700 posts.

Read the full article at https://lnkd.in/gC_ym3gF and see the full video at https://lnkd.in/gCF37aWz and at https://lnkd.in/gEf-yAff and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 4700 posts.

Read the full article at https://lnkd.in/gC_ym3gF and see the full video at https://lnkd.in/gCF37aWz and at https://lnkd.in/gEf-yAff and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 4700 posts.
Underwriting Against a Certain Loss and Claim is Appropriate

The underwriting of an insurance policy requires evaluation of risks of loss faced by the proposed insured. When a proposed insured advises the underwriter that it has received an intent to sue from customers of the insured a prudent underwriter will exclude the known risk faced by the Sunnyside Mobile Estate was excluded.

California Capital Insurance Company (CCIC), who defended and indemnified its insured Sunnyside Mobile Estates appealed from a judgment rendered in favor of Gotham Insurance Company (Gotham) on CCIC’s complaint for equitable contribution toward funds it paid.

In California Capital Insurance Company v. Gotham Insurance Company, F084350, California Court of Appeals, Fifth District (November 6, 2023) the Court of Appeals interpreted the competing insurance policies.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

On April 8, 2016, mobilehome park residents, by and through one of the residents, sent Ormond a Notice of Intention to Commence Action dated March 1, 2016 (the “notice of intention to sue”) pursuant to the Mobilehome Residency Law (MRL).

Equitable contribution apportions costs among insurers sharing the same level of liability on the same risk.

The Ormond Insureds’ Insurance and Their Tender of Defense and Indemnity of the Alonso Action to CCIC and Gotham

The Gotham policy contained an endorsement titled “Failure to Maintain Exclusion, Mobile Home Parks-California” addressed in the notice of intention to sue.

Moreover, each and every cause of action asserted in the Alonso complaint was premised, at least in part, on provisions of the MRL.

As the California Supreme Court has said, “where there is no duty to defend, there cannot be a duty to indemnify.”
ZALMA OPINION

If Sunnyside Mobile Estates did not tell Gotham of the notice of intent to sue Gotham could have rescinded the policy for misrepresentation of material facts. Sunnyside did not and, as a result, Gotham excluded the type of loss that resulted in the Alonso suit. CCIC knew about the loss before its policy expired and Gotham knew of it before it happened and the Alonso suit was filed before the inception of the policy. There was no equity involved in this attempt at equitable indemnity and CCIC attempted to force Gotham to pay that which it did not owe.
(c) 2023 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.

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Go to Newsbreak.com https://lnkd.in/g8azKc34; Subscribe to my substack at https://lnkd.in/gcZKhG6g; https://lnkd.in/gV9QJYH; Go to the Insurance Claims Library – https://lnkd.in/gwEYkxD.

00:12:55
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No Coverage for Intentional Acts

When Harm is Inherent in the Nature of the Act it is Intentional

Post 5237

See the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.

No Coverage for Intentional Acts

Hitting a Person in the Face is an Intentional Act

In Unitrin Auto and Home Insurance Company v. Brian C. Sullivan, et al., George A. Ciminello, No. 2022-01607, Index No. 21632/14, Supreme Court of New York, Second Department (November 19, 2025) George A. Ciminello was injured when struck in the face by a cup filled with liquid, thrown from a moving vehicle operated by Brian C. Sullivan, with Robert Harford as the passenger who threw the cup. The vehicle approached Ciminello at about 30 mph, from 2 to 10 feet away, and Harford extended his arm to make contact. The cup splintered upon impact.

Sullivan and Harford later conceded liability on the intentional tort claim before a damages trial.

Insurance Policy:

Unitrin Auto and Home...

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December 04, 2025
Unmitigated Gall to Abuse an Elderly Bishop and His Church

Obtaining Title to Church by Fraud Defeated

Post 5238

Read the full article at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/unmitigated-gall-abuse-elderly-bishop-his-church-zalma-esq-cfe-xcasc, see the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.

It is Villainous to Steal Church Property from Sick and Elderly Bishop

In Testimonial Cathedral Local Church of God in Christ v. EquityKey Real Estate Option, LLC et al. (Cal. Ct. App., 2d Dist., Div. 8, No. B331522 (Nov. 18, 2025) EquityKey (through broker Steven Sharpe and Frank Wheaton, a trusted advisor/friend of elderly Bishop Jimmy Hackworth) presented a deal supposedly for a $4 million life-insurance policy on Hackworth’s life with EquityKey as beneficiary. In exchange, EquityKey paid Hackworth $400,000 upfront.
Factual Background

To qualify Hackworth for the large policy, church real property on South Western Ave., Los Angeles was temporarily ...

00:10:28
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December 03, 2025
Soldier Sentenced for Nigerian Romance Fraud

Guilty of Money Laundering Scheme
Post 5238

See the video at https://lnkd.in/gqh7V46x and at https://lnkd.in/gmE-zrDC and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.

Prison Sentence for Fraud Must be Limited to the Fraud in Which the Defendant Participated

In United States v. Stephen O. Anagor, No. 2:24-CR-00019-DCLC-CRW (E.D. Tenn., Nov. 26, 2025) by Judge Clifton L. Corker the government sought to increase the defendant’s sentence because his co-conspirators added a fraudulent FBI scam that resulted in the victim’s suicide. Anagor sought a lower sentence because he was only involved in part of the fraud.

Charges & Plea

Defendant, a U.S. Army soldier pled guilty on June 11, 2025 to Conspiracy to Commit Mail and Wire Fraud, Aiding and Abetting Aggravated Stalking Resulting in Death and Aiding and Abetting Aggravated Identity Theft that was part of a larger 38-count superseding indictment against Anagor and co-defendants Chinagorom Onwumere and Salma Abdalkareem for an international Nigerian-based ...

00:10:51
October 31, 2025
The Zalma Philosophy of Claims Handling – Part 9

The Professional Claims Handler
Post 5219

Posted on October 31, 2025 by Barry Zalma

An Insurance claims professionals should be a person who:

Can read and understand the insurance policies issued by the insurer.
Understands the promises made by the policy.
Understand their obligation, as an insurer’s claims staff, to fulfill the promises made.
Are competent investigators.
Have empathy and recognize the difference between empathy and sympathy.
Understand medicine relating to traumatic injuries and are sufficiently versed in tort law to deal with lawyers as equals.
Understand how to repair damage to real and personal property and the value of the repairs or the property.
Understand how to negotiate a fair and reasonable settlement with the insured that is fair and reasonable to both the insured and the insurer.

How to Create Claims Professionals

To avoid fraudulent claims, claims of breach of contract, bad faith, punitive damages, unresolved losses, and to make a profit, insurers ...

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October 20, 2025
The Zalma Philosophy of Claims Handling – Part I

The History Behind the Creation of a Claims Handling Expert

The Insurance Industry Needs to Implement Excellence in Claims Handling or Fail
Post 5210

This is a change from my normal blog postings. It is my attempt. in more than one post, to explain the need for professional claims representatives who comply with the basic custom and practice of the insurance industry. This statement of my philosophy on claims handling starts with my history as a claims adjuster, insurance defense and coverage lawyer and insurance claims handling expert.
My Training to be an Insurance Claims Adjuster

When I was discharged from the US Army in 1967 I was hired as an insurance adjuster trainee by a professional and well respected insurance company. The insurer took a chance on me because I had been an Army Intelligence Investigator for my three years in the military and could use that training and experience to be a basis to become a professional insurance adjuster.

I was initially sat at a desk reading a text-book on insurance ...

post photo preview
October 20, 2025
The Zalma Philosophy of Claims Handling – Part I

The History Behind the Creation of a Claims Handling Expert

The Insurance Industry Needs to Implement Excellence in Claims Handling or Fail

Post 5210

This is a change from my normal blog postings. It is my attempt. in more than one post, to explain the need for professional claims representatives who comply with the basic custom and practice of the insurance industry. This statement of my philosophy on claims handling starts with my history as a claims adjuster, insurance defense and coverage lawyer and insurance claims handling expert.

My Training to be an Insurance Claims Adjuster

When I was discharged from the US Army in 1967 I was hired as an insurance adjuster trainee by a professional and well respected insurance company. The insurer took a chance on me because I had been an Army Intelligence Investigator for my three years in the military and could use that training and experience to be a basis to become a professional insurance adjuster.

I was initially sat at a desk reading a text-book on insurance ...

post photo preview
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