Read the full article at https://lnkd.in/gE7c7NZB and see the full video at https://lnkd.in/g-6cFxd2 and at https://lnkd.in/gQQuEaD5 and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 4400 posts.
Injury by "Existence" of a Pit Bull Dog Unambiguously Excluded
In July 2020, a young boy was injured when a dog attacked him in an apartment complex owned by Missy J, LLC. In Missy J, LLC v. Westchester Surplus Lines Insurance Company, No. 21-cv-848-SE, Opinion No. 2022 DNH 157, United States District Court, D. New Hampshire (December 19, 2022) the insurer refused to defend or indemnify Missy J because of an “Animals Exclusion.”
After the boy's mother sued Missy J to recover for his injuries, Missy J sought coverage from its insurer, Westchester Surplus Lines Insurance Company, under its commercial general liability policy. Westchester denied coverage and refused to defend Missy J.
BACKGROUND
Missy J owns an apartment complex in Manchester, New Hampshire. The policy includes an “Animals Exclusion” provision as follows: “This insurance does not apply to 'bodily injury' ... resulting from the ... existence, ... of animals on an insured's premises ... including a. dogs... ”
On July 10, 2020, a pitbull attacked a young boy who was visiting at one of the apartments in the complex. The boy's mother, Briona Reed-Sounia, sued Missy J, Westchester denied coverage on the basis of the policy's animal exclusion provision.
DISCUSSION
Missy J and Westchester agree that Missy J's liability for the dog attack would have been covered under the policy but for the animal exclusion provision.
The plain language excluded a visitor's bodily injury that arose out of the existence or presence of a dog on Missy J's premises, The animal exclusion provision is written in clear and unambiguous language. Therefore, Westchester carried its burden to show the absence of coverage under the policy.
ZALMA OPINION
Just because Westchester and Missy J disagreed about the meaning of a clear and unambiguous exclusion does not make the term ambiguous. Since the dog existed on the premises of the insured and was the cause of the child's injuries, the exclusion applied. That it would also apply if the dog was placed there for Missy J as a guard dog does not eliminate the exclusion for any dog that existed on the premises.
(c) 2022 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.
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Barry Zalma, Esq., CFE, is available at http://www.zalma.com and [email protected]
Write to Mr. Zalma at [email protected]; http://www.zalma.com; http://zalma.com/blog; daily articles are published at https://zalma.substack.com.
Motion for Summary Judgment Requires Evidence Establishing Defenses
Post 5223
Read the full article at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/motion-summary-judgment-fail-because-insurer-failed-zalma-esq-cfe-jhfsc, see the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.
In Michael Tillema, Kim Til- Lema v. Meridian Security Insurance Company, No. SA-24-CV-00661-JKP, United States District Court, W.D. Texas, San Antonio Division (October 7, 2025) Plaintiffs Michael Tillema and Kim Til-Lema claimed coverage from Meridian Security Insurance Company for benefits for alleged wind and hail damage from a storm on April 26, 2022.
Meridian Security Insurance Company denied the claim, citing inspection reports and weather data indicating no hail event occurred on the alleged date. Plaintiffs hired an independent contractor, who also found no hail within one mile of the property on the ...
Hertz Succesfully Refuses to Pay Alleged Fraudulent Health Care Providers
Post 5222
Read the full article at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/man-bites-dog-story-hertz-sues-alleged-fraudsters-zalma-esq-cfe-efbgc, see the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.
Proactive Victim of Fraud Defeats Health Care Providers
In Hertz Vehicles, LLC v. Alignment Chiropractic, P.C., et al, Index No. 157368/2024, 2025 NY Slip Op 33627(U), Motion Seq. No. 001, NYSCEF Doc. No. 46, Supreme Court, New York County (September 30, 2025) Plaintiff alleged it is not obligated to pay no-fault benefits for the medical treatment of defendants for injuries while occupants of a 2023 Hyundai, owned and self-insured by Hertz.
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Plaintiff moved for a default judgment against defendants Alignment Chiropractic, P.C., and many other alleged health care providers.
Plaintiff also ...
Hertz Succesfully Refuses to Pay Alleged Fraudulent Health Care Providers
Post 5222
Read the full article at https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/man-bites-dog-story-hertz-sues-alleged-fraudsters-zalma-esq-cfe-efbgc, see the video at and at and at https://zalma.com/blog plus more than 5200 posts.
Proactive Victim of Fraud Defeats Health Care Providers
In Hertz Vehicles, LLC v. Alignment Chiropractic, P.C., et al, Index No. 157368/2024, 2025 NY Slip Op 33627(U), Motion Seq. No. 001, NYSCEF Doc. No. 46, Supreme Court, New York County (September 30, 2025) Plaintiff alleged it is not obligated to pay no-fault benefits for the medical treatment of defendants for injuries while occupants of a 2023 Hyundai, owned and self-insured by Hertz.
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Plaintiff moved for a default judgment against defendants Alignment Chiropractic, P.C., and many other alleged health care providers.
Plaintiff also moved...
The Professional Claims Handler
Post 5219
Posted on October 31, 2025 by Barry Zalma
An Insurance claims professionals should be a person who:
Can read and understand the insurance policies issued by the insurer.
Understands the promises made by the policy.
Understand their obligation, as an insurer’s claims staff, to fulfill the promises made.
Are competent investigators.
Have empathy and recognize the difference between empathy and sympathy.
Understand medicine relating to traumatic injuries and are sufficiently versed in tort law to deal with lawyers as equals.
Understand how to repair damage to real and personal property and the value of the repairs or the property.
Understand how to negotiate a fair and reasonable settlement with the insured that is fair and reasonable to both the insured and the insurer.
How to Create Claims Professionals
To avoid fraudulent claims, claims of breach of contract, bad faith, punitive damages, unresolved losses, and to make a profit, insurers ...
The History Behind the Creation of a Claims Handling Expert
The Insurance Industry Needs to Implement Excellence in Claims Handling or Fail
Post 5210
This is a change from my normal blog postings. It is my attempt. in more than one post, to explain the need for professional claims representatives who comply with the basic custom and practice of the insurance industry. This statement of my philosophy on claims handling starts with my history as a claims adjuster, insurance defense and coverage lawyer and insurance claims handling expert.
My Training to be an Insurance Claims Adjuster
When I was discharged from the US Army in 1967 I was hired as an insurance adjuster trainee by a professional and well respected insurance company. The insurer took a chance on me because I had been an Army Intelligence Investigator for my three years in the military and could use that training and experience to be a basis to become a professional insurance adjuster.
I was initially sat at a desk reading a text-book on insurance ...
The History Behind the Creation of a Claims Handling Expert
The Insurance Industry Needs to Implement Excellence in Claims Handling or Fail
Post 5210
This is a change from my normal blog postings. It is my attempt. in more than one post, to explain the need for professional claims representatives who comply with the basic custom and practice of the insurance industry. This statement of my philosophy on claims handling starts with my history as a claims adjuster, insurance defense and coverage lawyer and insurance claims handling expert.
My Training to be an Insurance Claims Adjuster
When I was discharged from the US Army in 1967 I was hired as an insurance adjuster trainee by a professional and well respected insurance company. The insurer took a chance on me because I had been an Army Intelligence Investigator for my three years in the military and could use that training and experience to be a basis to become a professional insurance adjuster.
I was initially sat at a desk reading a text-book on insurance ...
