Zalma on Insurance
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August 29, 2022
When Insurer Let’s Insured Unilaterally Choose Additional Insureds it has no Standing to Complain

Insurer Must Defend Entities Chosen by Insured

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An insurer, by drafting an open-ended additional insured endorsement that allowed its insured, by entering into contracts under which the insurer would be obligated to provide a defense to people unknown to the insurer and which did not require that its insured to obtain the insurer’s approval of the contracts or require its insured to disclose the identities of the third parties or require that named insured name those parties as additional insureds. The insurer assumed the responsibility of providing defenses for certain unknown and unnamed third-party beneficiaries.

In Westfield Insurance Company v. Walsh/K-Five Jv (I-14-4208); Walsh/K-Five Jv (I-14-4209); Walsh Construction Company Ii, Llc/K-Five Construction Company Jv, a Joint Venture; Walsh Construction Company Ii, Llc; K-Five Construction Corporation; Arch Insurance Company; and Royce Brown, Defendants, Walsh/K-Five JV (I-14-4208), Walsh/K-Five JV (I-14-4209), Walsh Construction Company II, LLC/K-Five Construction Company JV, a Joint Venture, Walsh Construction Company II, LLC, and K-Five Construction Corporation, 2022 IL App (1st) 210802-U, No. 1-21-0802, Court of Appeals of Illinois, First District, Third Division (August 17, 2022) compelled the insurer to live up to its agreements.
FACTS

Westfield Insurance Company (Westfield) filed a declaratory judgment action seeking a determination that it owed no duty to defend or indemnify defendants in an underlying personal injury lawsuit that occurred at a construction site at which Walsh and K-Five were operating a joint venture. In the underlying lawsuit, Royce Brown (Brown), an employee of VMR Contractors, Inc. (VMR), a subcontractor at the construction site, injured himself carrying rebar.

The trial court found Westfield owed a duty to defend each and denied Westfield’s motion to avoid its defense duty.

Walsh entered into two line-item joint venture agreements with K-Five to bid on two separate contracts from the Illinois State Toll Highway Authority, which involved pavement widening and bridge reconstruction work on the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway. Further, the Joint Venture, Walsh (if K-Five was the named insured on the policy) and K-Five (if Walsh was the named insured on the policy) were required to be named as additional insureds in the commercial general liability insurance policy “for claims arising out of the performance of the named insured Party’s Work.
The Westfield Policy

In light of the VMR’s obligations under the subcontracts, it obtained a policy from Westfield that contained commercial general liability insurance with a one-year term. In the general liability declarations, VMR was listed as the named insured. Section II of the Commercial General Liability Coverage Form was titled “Who Is An Insured” provided that: “Any organization you newly acquire or form, other than a partnership, joint venture or limited liability company, and over which you maintain ownership or majority interest, will qualify as a Named Insured if there is no other similar insurance available to that organization” subject to three listed conditions.
The Underlying Personal Injury Lawsuit

After VMR obtained its commercial general liability insurance policy, it began work on the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway construction project. In September 2015, Brown was working as an ironworker on the construction project for VMR. While Brown was manually carrying rebar from a designated shakeout area, he injured himself. In August 2017, Brown filed a three-count complaint sounding in negligence against Walsh, K-Five and the Joint Venture for the injuries he sustained while carrying the rebar.
ANALYSIS

Westfield contended that K-Five and the Joint Venture could not be considered additional insureds under VMR’s policy with Westfield because there was no contract in writing that required VMR to add either K-Five or the Joint Venture to the policy as additional insureds. Additionally, Westfield contended that, even if K-Five or the Joint Venture could be considered additional insureds, the joint venture exclusion in the policy negated that coverage. Finally, Westfield argued that the joint venture exclusion also applied to Walsh and negated its potential coverage. As such, Westfield posited that it had no duty to defend Walsh, K-Five or the Joint Venture, and the circuit court’s various rulings must be reversed.
Coverage under the Policy

The prescient words the Illinois Court of Appeal pronounced in LaGrange Memorial Hospital v. St. Paul Insurance Co., 317 Ill.App.3d 863, 870 (2000), when discussing the position insurers place themselves in when obligating themselves to defend unknown third parties with which named insureds have written agreements to add as additional insureds:

By drafting this language, [the insurer] acknowledged and accepted that its insured would be entering into contracts under which [the insurer] would be obligated to provide a defense ***. [The insurer] did not require that its insured get [the insurer’s] approval of the contracts or require its insured to disclose the identities of the third parties or require that [named insured] name those parties as additional insureds. [The insurer] thus assumed the responsibility of providing defenses for certain unknown and unnamed third-party beneficiaries.

That’s what occurred in this case. Because the plain language of the Contractors Endorsement mandates that the endorsement does not apply to “any person or organization covered as an additional insured on any other endorsement now or hereafter attached,” the joint venture exclusion therein did not negate coverage for Walsh, K-Five or the Joint Venture, as additional insureds under the Additional Insured Endorsement.

The Court of Appeal affirmed the circuit court’s rulings that granted defendant Walsh Construction Company II, LLC’s motion for a partial judgment on the pleadings, granted defendants Walsh/K-Five JV (I-14-4208), Walsh/K-Five JV (I-14-4209), Walsh Construction Company II, LLC/K-Five Construction Company JV and K-Five Construction Corporation’s motions for partial summary judgment and denied plaintiff Westfield Insurance Company’s motions for summary judgment where plaintiff had a duty to defend defendants.
ZALMA OPINION

Insurers who give away their underwriting pen to others have learned its decision was expensive. In this case the insurer gave the insured the right to make anyone with whom it contracted additional insureds. By so doing Westfield gave away its right to underwrite its obligation to insure and found it was insuring multiple people it had no idea, when it issued the policy, it insured. Cases like this one should cause insurers to reconsider whether it has sufficient premium to cover the risk it is letting its named insured to impose on it by entering into a contract with others.

(c) 2022 Barry Zalma & ClaimSchool, Inc.

Barry Zalma, Esq., CFE, now limits his practice to service as an insurance consultant specializing in insurance coverage, insurance claims handling, insurance bad faith and insurance fraud almost equally for insurers and policyholders. He practiced law in California for more than 44 years as an insurance coverage and claims handling lawyer and more than 54 years in the insurance business. He is available at http://www.zalma.com and [email protected].

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Write to Mr. Zalma at [email protected]; http://www.zalma.com; http://zalma.com/blog; daily articles are published at https://zalma.substack.com.

Go to the podcast Zalma On Insurance at https://anchor.fm/barry-zalma; Follow Mr. Zalma on Twitter at https://twitter.com/bzalma; Go to Barry Zalma videos at Rumble.com at https://rumble.com/c/c-262921; Go to Barry Zalma on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCysiZklEtxZsSF9DfC0Expg; Go to the Insurance Claims Library – https://zalma.com/blog/insurance-claims-library/

00:10:11
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14 hours ago
Ambiguity in Insurance Contract Resolved by Jury

Jury’s Findings Interpreting Insurance Contract Affirmed
Post 5105

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Madelaine Chocolate Novelties, Inc. (“Madelaine Chocolate”) appealed the district court’s judgment following a jury verdict in favor of Great Northern Insurance Company (“Great Northern”) concerning storm-surge damage caused by “Superstorm Sandy” to Madelaine Chocolate’s production facilities.

In Madelaine Chocolate Novelties, Inc., d.b.a. The Madelaine Chocolate Company v. Great Northern Insurance Company, No. 23-212, United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit (June 20, 2025) affirmed the trial court ruling in favor of the insurer.

BACKGROUND

Great Northern refused to pay the full claim amount and paid Madelaine Chocolate only about $4 million. In disclaiming coverage, Great Northern invoked the Policy’s flood-exclusion provision, which excludes, in relevant part, “loss or damage caused by ....

00:07:02
June 23, 2025
The Clear Language Of The Insurance Contract Controls

Failure to Name a Party as an Additional Insured Defeats Claim
Post 5104

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Contract Interpretation is Based on the Clear and Unambiguous Language of the Policy

In Associated Industries Insurance Company, Inc. v. Sentinel Insurance Company, Ltd., No. 23-CV-10400 (MMG), United States District Court, S.D. New York (June 16, 2025) an insurance coverage dispute arising from a personal injury action in New York State Supreme Court.

The underlying action, Eduardo Molina v. Venchi 2, LLC, et al., concerned injuries allegedly resulting from a construction accident at premises owned by Central Area Equities Associates LLC (CAEA) and leased by Venchi 2 LLC with the USDC required to determine who was entitled to a defense from which insurer.
KEY POINTS

Parties Involved:

CAEA is insured by Associated Industries Insurance Company, Inc. ...

00:08:22
June 20, 2025
Four Corners of Suit Allows Refusal to Defend

Exclusion Establishes that There is No Duty to Defend Off Site Injuries

Post 5103

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Attack by Vicious Dog Excluded

In Foremost Insurance Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan v. Michael B. Steele and Sarah Brown and Kevin Lee Price, Civil Action No. 3:24-CV-00684, United States District Court, M.D. Pennsylvania (June 16, 2025)

Foremost Insurance Company (“Foremost”) sued Michael B. Steele (“Steele”), Sarah Brown (“Brown”), and Kevin Lee Price (“Price”) (collectively, “Defendants”). Foremost sought declaratory relief in the form of a declaration that

1. it owes no insurance coverage to Steele and has no duty to defend or indemnify Steele in an underlying tort action and
2. defense counsel that Foremost has assigned to Steele in the underlying action may withdraw his appearance.

Presently before the Court are two ...

00:08:29
May 15, 2025
Zalma's Insurance Fraud Letter - May 15, 2025

ZIFL Volume 29, Issue 10
The Source for the Insurance Fraud Professional

See the full video at https://lnkd.in/gK_P4-BK and at https://lnkd.in/g2Q7BHBu, and at https://zalma.com/blog and at https://lnkd.in/gjyMWHff.

Zalma’s Insurance Fraud Letter (ZIFL) continues its 29th year of publication dedicated to those involved in reducing the effect of insurance fraud. ZIFL is published 24 times a year by ClaimSchool and is written by Barry Zalma. It is provided FREE to anyone who visits the site at http://zalma.com/zalmas-insurance-fraud-letter-2/ You can read the full issue of the May 15, 2025 issue at http://zalma.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/ZIFL-05-15-2025.pdf
This issue contains the following articles about insurance fraud:

Health Care Fraud Trial Results in Murder for Hire of Witness

To Avoid Conviction for Insurance Fraud Defendants Murder Witness

In United States of America v. Louis Age, Jr.; Stanton Guillory; Louis Age, III; Ronald Wilson, Jr., No. 22-30656, United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit (April 25, 2025) the Fifth Circuit dealt with the ...

May 15, 2025
CGL Is Not a Medical Malpractice Policy

Professional Health Care Services Exclusion Effective

Post 5073

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This opinion is the recommendation of a Magistrate Judge to the District Court Judge and involves Travelers Casualty Insurance Company and its duty to defend the New Mexico Bone and Joint Institute (NMBJI) and its physicians in a medical negligence lawsuit brought by Tervon Dorsey.

In Travelers Casualty Insurance Company Of America v. New Mexico Bone And Joint Institute, P.C.; American Foundation Of Lower Extremity Surgery And Research, Inc., a New Mexico Corporation; Riley Rampton, DPM; Loren K. Spencer, DPM; Tervon Dorsey, individually; Kimberly Dorsey, individually; and Kate Ferlic as Guardian Ad Litem for K.D. and J.D., minors, No. 2:24-cv-0027 MV/DLM, United States District Court, D. New Mexico (May 8, 2025) the Magistrate Judge Recommended:

Insurance Coverage Dispute:

Travelers issued a Commercial General Liability ...

April 30, 2025
The Devil’s in The Details

A Heads I Win, Tails You Lose Story
Post 5062

Posted on April 30, 2025 by Barry Zalma

"This is a Fictionalized True Crime Story of Insurance Fraud that explains why Insurance Fraud is a “Heads I Win, Tails You Lose” situation for Insurers. The story is designed to help everyone to Understand How Insurance Fraud in America is Costing Everyone who Buys Insurance Thousands of Dollars Every year and Why Insurance Fraud is Safer and More Profitable for the ­­­Perpetrators than any Other Crime."

Immigrant Criminals Attempt to Profit From Insurance Fraud

People who commit insurance fraud as a profession do so because it is easy. It requires no capital investment. The risk is low and the profits are high. The ease with which large amounts of money can be made from insurance fraud removes whatever moral hesitation might stop the perpetrator from committing the crime.

The temptation to do everything outside the law was the downfall of the brothers Karamazov. The brothers had escaped prison in the old Soviet Union by immigrating to the United...

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